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Quantitative Analysis of Nanoplastics in Single Cells by Subcellular Chromatography
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This study developed a novel subcellular chromatography method capable of quantifying nanoplastic particles in different regions of individual living cells with femtolitre-to-attolitre precision. By directly sampling and separating intracellular cytoplasm, the technique revealed how nanoplastics distribute across different cellular compartments. This advance in analytical capability is important for understanding the subcellular fate of nanoplastics and the spatially specific toxicological mechanisms they may trigger inside cells.
The accumulation and spatial distribution of intracellular nanoplastic particles provide useful information about their spatiotemporal toxicological effects mediated by the physicochemical parameters of nanoplastics in living cells. In this study, a sample injection-transfer method was designed with an accuracy of up to femtoliters to attoliters to match the volume required for ultranarrow-bore open-tubular liquid chromatography. The separation and concentration quantification of mixed polystyrenes in different regions in living cells were achieved by directly transferring picoliter/femtoliter volumes of intracellular cytoplasm to an ultranarrow-bore open-tubular chromatographic column. The measurement of pollutant concentration in different areas of a small-volume target (single cell) was realized. This method is expected to be used in the qualitative and quantitative analyses of complex, mixed, and label-free nanoplastics (a few nm in size) in the subregions of living cells.
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