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Application of Fenton-like processes in the degradation of microplastics
Summary
This Croatian-language paper reviews how Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes can degrade microplastics in the environment. The review evaluates the effectiveness of these chemical methods as a potential tool for breaking down plastic particles in water treatment systems.
Upotreba plastike iz godine u godinu sve više raste zbog čega je i sve veća njena prisutnost u okolišu uslijed neadekvatnog zbrinjavanja. Posebnu zabrinutost predstavlja mikroplastika zbog svoje veličine i drugih svojstava te štetnog učinka koje ima na cjelokupni ekosustav. Zbog manjka učinkovitosti dosadašnjih metoda za uklanjanje mikroplastike iz okoliša, razmotrena je primjena naprednih oksidacijskih procesa. To su procesi u kojima dolazi do stvaranja reaktivnih radikala koji su u mogućnosti potpuno ili djelomično razgraditi organske onečišćujuće tvari među kojima je i mikroplastika. U ovome radu ispitana je primjena Fentonu sličnog procesa koji koristi nula valentno željezo kao katalizator za razgradnju mikroplastike polietilena niske gustoće, polipropilena i poli(vinil-klorida). Eksperimenti su provedeni prema potpunom faktorskom planu, a ispitana su 3 numerička faktora: pH vrijednost, omjer Fe0 i MP te omjer Fe0 i H2O2, na tri razine (-1, 0 i 1). Za karakterizaciju mikroplastike koristila se FTIR spektroskopija, a za analizu vodenog medija provedena je TOC analiza. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata, određeni su optimalni uvjeti razgradnje za svaku vrstu plastike. Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su kako ispitani napredni oksidacijski proces nije uzrokovao potpunu mineralizaciju niti jedne mikroplastike. Nakon provedbe Fentonu sličnog procesa, došlo je do minimalne površinske razgradnje mikroplastike polietilena niske gustoće i polipropilena dok je kod mikroplastike poli(vinil-klorida) uočena djelomična razgradnja. Iako nije došlo do potpune razgradnje ispitivanih mikroplastika, zaključeno je da učinkovitost Fentonu sličnog procesa ovisi o svim ispitivanim parametrima te da najveći utjecaj na učinkovitost Fentonu sličnog procesa ima pH vrijednost.
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