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Tourism sustainability, Official Mexican Standards and the fulfillment of the human right to a healthy environment: Hydrocarbons, plastics, and bioremediation
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This paper examines how Mexico's official environmental standards address hydrocarbon and microplastic pollution at tourist destinations, arguing that existing regulations are insufficient given the scale of contamination and that bioremediation technologies need stronger legal backing to be deployed effectively. It is relevant because regulatory gaps leave coastal and urban tourist environments without adequate protection from microplastic accumulation.
The negative effects of tourism have led to urban, environmental, and social deterioration in various Mexican tourist destinations. Biotechnology can provide some technical alternatives for hydrocarbon and plastic pollution with promising results of bioremediation. However, the scientific approach apparently is insufficient due to the magnitude of environmental concerns regarding these materials. In this work, remediation and prevention are studied. Therefore, Official Mexican Standards that directly address environmental problems, particularly those generated by hydrocarbons and microplastics, are necessary.
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Plastic and hydrocarbon pollution were found in rivers, reefs, and beaches in Mexico's Veracruz State, and microplastics were detected at all sampled sites. The study also demonstrated that a bacterial mix can break down hydrocarbons adsorbed to plastics, offering a potential bioremediation strategy.
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Emerging pollutants including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, and microplastics have been widely detected across Mexican water sources, but biomonitoring and health-effects data remain almost entirely absent. Available technologies for removing these pollutants have only been tested at laboratory scale.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.