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From Plastics to Microplastics: Quantification, Degradation and Mitigation
Summary
This book chapter reviews how plastics break down into microplastics, the methods used to detect and quantify them, and their environmental impacts including their ability to adsorb and concentrate other pollutants. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the microplastics problem from production to environmental harm.
This chapter focuses on the transformation of plastics into smaller units such as microplastics. The most common degradation processes and the techniques used for their quantification and separation will be discussed. We will also try to see the most common and harmful processes for the environment that microplastics can produce, especially focusing on the processes of adsorption of pollutants that will be transported together with microplastics as a vector of pollution. Finally, we will indicate the methodologies used for the reuse of plastics, with the interest of some newer processes. We will end with some issues that should and must be addressed in the near future to prevent further contamination of the environment by these products.