Concurrent datasets on land cover and river monitoring in Fukushima decontaminated catchment during 2013–2018

After the Fukushima nuclear accident, the Japanese government implemented extensive decontamination work in ¹³⁷Cs contaminated catchments for residents' health and local revitalization. Whether dramatic land use changes in the upstream decontaminated regions affected river suspended sediment (SS) and particulate ¹³⁷Cs discharge downstream remain unknown because of the poor quantification on land cover changes and long-term river SS dynamics. We here introduce a 6-year concurrent database of the Niida River Basin, a decontaminated catchment, including the first available vector decontamination maps, satellite images in decontaminated regions with a spatial resolution of 10 m, and long-term river monitoring datasets spanning decontamination (2013-2016) and subsequent natural restoration stages (2017-2018). These datasets allow us, for the first time, to directly link the transport dynamics of river SS (particulate ¹³⁷Cs) to land use changes caused by humans in real-time, which provide fundamental data for better understanding the river response of sediment to land use change. Moreover, the data obtained by interdisciplinary methods offer a template for land use change impact assessment in other river basins.