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Current Plastic Waste Status and Its Leakage at Tam Giang–Cau Hai Lagoon System in Central Vietnam
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Researchers quantified the annual leakage of plastic waste into the Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon system in central Vietnam by surveying surrounding urban and rural areas and applying a waste flow diagram model, estimating substantial annual plastic input to this coastal lagoon. The findings highlight the link between inadequate solid waste management and plastic contamination of aquatic ecosystems.
Plastic waste poses a significant threat to the environment, impacting both aquatic ecosystems and human health. This study aimed to quantify the leakage of plastic waste from urban and rural areas into the Tam Giang–Cau Hai lagoon system area in Vietnam. The research involved conducting surveys and sampling plastic waste in wards and communes surrounding the Tam Giang–Cau Hai lagoon system, as well as utilizing a waste flow diagram to calculate the amount of plastic waste leakage into the environment. The findings of the study reveal that the annual plastic leakage in this study area is approximately 479 tons. The majority of this waste enters the water body system, accounting for 74.1% of the total leakage, followed by land areas at 23.4% and land burning at 2.5%. Among the sources contributing to the wastewater flow in the area, households and markets were found to be the two primary contributors. Household waste accounted for 70.4% (2806 tons year−1) of the total, while the market sources accounted for 16.9% (675 tons year−1). This study marks the inaugural effort to assess the extent of plastic waste released from Hue City into the Tam Giang–Cau Hai lagoon system. It plays a pivotal role in examining the makeup, source of plastic waste and path of plastic waste leakage.
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Researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis of plastic waste accumulation in both land and water environments in Can Tho City, Vietnam, applying a circular economy framework. The study proposes sustainable management strategies for reducing plastic pollution in a country with high per capita plastic consumption and significant waste discharge.
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This study quantifies plastic waste generation rates and models the pathways through which plastic escapes into the environment, including waterways, soils, and the atmosphere. It identifies key leakage points in waste management systems and estimates the share of plastic that becomes environmental pollution. Findings highlight where infrastructure investment and policy intervention can most effectively reduce plastic leakage.
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Researchers applied waste flow analysis and material flow analysis to Hoi An, Vietnam, finding that while formal collection captures over 90% of municipal solid waste, 27 tonnes of plastic leak annually — predominantly from uncollected waste and inadequate collection services — with the informal sector recovering the majority of recyclables.
Relationship between microplastics and heavy metals in Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon sediments
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Researchers investigated the distribution and interactions of microplastics and ten heavy metals in sediments of the Tam Giang-Cau Hai Lagoon in Vietnam, finding moderate microplastic contamination and using Spearman correlation and PCA to assess relationships between sediment properties, metal concentrations, and plastic abundance. The study provides baseline data for understanding co-pollution dynamics in this coastal lagoon ecosystem.
Integrating Field Data and Numerical Modeling to Assess Microplastic Distribution in the Aquatic Environment of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
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Researchers combined field sampling with computer modeling to map microplastic distribution in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam, finding the highest concentrations in coastal zones near cities and industries, while islands naturally blocked plastic from spreading offshore. The study identified cruise tourism, coal mining, and coastal development as key pollution sources, and recommends plastic capture at river mouths to protect the bay.
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