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Microplásticos en Emerita analoga (Crustacea: Hippidae) y en sedimentos en ocho playas arenosas de Lima, Perú
Summary
Researchers assessed microplastics in the mole crab Emerita analoga and beach sediments across eight sandy beaches near Lima, Peru, in winter and summer seasons. Microplastic abundance in E. analoga ranged from 0.02 to 1.82 items per individual (dominated by fibres), while sediment concentrations ranged from 41 to 5,353 items per kg (dominated by fragments), with spatiotemporal variation playing a stronger role in sediment dynamics than in organism ingestion rates.
Los microplásticos (MP) han sido registrados en los ecosistemas marinos alrededor del mundo; sin embargo, poco se conoce sobre la variación temporal y espacial de los MP en playas marinas de Perú. En este trabajo se evaluaron los MP en Emerita analoga (Crustacea: Hippidae) y en los sedimentos de ocho playas arenosas, al norte y sur de la ciudad de Lima, en dos temporadas. Se colectaron 30 individuos de E. analoga y muestras de sedimento de cada una de las ocho playas por cada temporada (invierno y verano). Los MP fueron extraídos, contabilizados y caracterizados. Se observó una abundancia de 0.02 ± 0.13 a 1.82 ± 6.31 items de MP/individuo en E. analoga y en los sedimentos variaron de 41 ± 31.07 a 5353 ± 4013 ítems de MP/kg. Los fragmentos fueron el tipo predominante en los sedimentos, mientras que las fibras lo fueron en E. analoga. El transparente fue el color más frecuente. Los tamaños de las partículas en el sedimento oscilaron principalmente entre 1000 y 3000 µm, y en E. analoga fueron menores a 1000 µm. Se puede afirmar que la variación espacio-temporal juega un rol más importante en la dinámica de los MP en sedimentos en comparación con E. analoga. La abundancia de MP en el sedimento de la playa no guardó relación con la proporción de los individuos en E. analoga que los ingirieron, ni con la cantidad ingerida.
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