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Effect of microplastic on removal of pesticides with membrane separation processes
Summary
Researchers tested the effect of microplastics on the removal of two insecticides (methiocarb and imidacloprid) from water using ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis membrane processes, finding minor interactions between microplastics and ultrafiltration membranes while nanofiltration achieved over 60% removal and reverse osmosis achieved up to 90%. The study reveals that microplastics can affect membrane separation performance for other contaminants in water treatment.
Nova zagađivala (engl. emerging contaminants) predstavljaju jednu od najvećih opasnosti za okoliš. Pod nova zagađivala ubrajaju se prirodne ili sintetičke kemikalije ili mikroorganizmi koji se obično ne nadziru u okolišu. To su farmaceutici, pesticidi, industrijske kemikalije, površinski aktivne tvari, proizvodi za osobnu njegu. Membranski separacijski procesi pokazali su se učinkoviti pri uklanjanju pesticida iz otpadnih i drugih voda. Uklanjanje novih zagađivala iz vode i okoliša postalo je prioritetno istraživanje posljednjih desetljeća. U ovom radu ispitivan je utjecaj mikroplastike na uklanjanje pesticida membranskim separacijskim procesima. Ispitivani su metiokarb i imidakloprid, insekticidi koji dugo ostaju u metaboličkim procesima u biljci i koji su zakonom zabranjeni u Republici Hrvatskoj. Ultrafiltracija, nanofiltracija i reverzna osmoza, su membranski separacijski procesi koji su bili korišteni u ispitivanju učinkovitosti uklanjanja pesticida pri radnom tlaku od 10 bar. Koristilo se 5 membrana, GH, GK, NF90, XLE i NF. Učinkovitost uklanjanja pesticida ovisi o veličini pora membrane pa se pesticidi različito zadržavaju na membranama. Ultrafiltracijom nije moguće ukloniti pesticide iz otopina s ili bez mikroplastike, faktori zadržavanja nanofiltracijskih membrana bili su > 60 %, dok se revezno osmotskim membranama najviše pesticida može ukloniti, do 90 %. Došlo je do manjih interakcija između korištenih ultrafiltracijskih membrana, odnosno membrana s većim porama. Prisutnost mikroplastike nije značajno promijenilo učinkovitost zadržavanja pesticida s korištenim membranama.
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