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Improved separation and quantification method for microplastic analysis in sediment: A fine-grained matrix from Arctic Greenland
Summary
Researchers developed an improved method for extracting microplastics from fine-grained Arctic sediments that reduces particle loss by cutting out intermediate processing steps, achieving over 90% recovery for particles larger than 100 micrometers. This is important because smaller microplastic particles are particularly easy to lose during analysis, and better methods mean we get more accurate data on how much plastic pollution is actually present in remote environments like Greenland.
Microplastic analysis requires effective separation and purification methods, which greatly depend on the matrix and target particle size. Microplastics-sediment extraction usually involves intermediate steps, increasing processing time and particle loss, particularly for particles <100 μm. Here, we propose an improved separation and quantification method for fine-grained sediment that minimizes microplastic loss by reducing intermediate steps. First, the sample is treated with CHCOOH, KOH and NaClO, and only transferred for the density separation (ZnCl). The extraction efficiency, visually evaluated on spiked samples, was higher than 90% for particles >100 μm and 83% for 63-75 μm particles. This indicates that a sequential extraction method reduces the risk of particle loss, particularly of the small size fraction. Comparatively, the extraction of ABS particles (20-100 μm) was low (30%) but the recovery, assessed via μFTIR, was higher (55%). Additionally, the proposed method can be adapted to other sediment types and environmental matrices.