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Quantitative analysis of microplastics from marine areas of Zadar and Šibenik
Summary
Researchers sampled surface seawater at sites near Zadar and Sibenik on the Croatian Adriatic coast and found an average microplastic concentration of 0.80 particles per cubic meter. Fibers were the most common form, consistent with findings from other global coastal studies, with secondary microplastics from wastewater discharge and fishing activities as likely sources.
Mikroplastika predstavlja rastući oblik onečišćenja koji se proširio prirodnim staništima i do najizoliranijih područja, što je prouzročeno brojnošću potencijalnih izvorišta i karakteristikama čestica koje omogućuju njihovo širenje okolišem na brojne načine. Uz to, sve veći broj terenskih i laboratorijskih istraživanja pruža uvid u štetne učinke plastičnih mikro čestica na prirodna staništa te organizme i naposljetku čitave zajednice koje ih nastanjuju. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je provođenje kvantitativne analize mikroplastike iz površinskog sloja mora na području gradova Zadra i Šibenika, uporabom mreže otvora 300 µm. Rezultati laboratorijskih analiza su pokazali da je prosječna koncentracija mikroplastike u moru gradskih sredina iznosila 0,80 čestica/m³. S obzirom na fizičke karakteristike, najzastupljenije čestice bile su u obliku vlakana (51%), a zatim fragmenti (33%), dimenzijskog raspona ispod jednog milimetra (51,7%), i to prozirne (48%) i plave boje (16%), što opisom odgovara najzastupljenijim česticama u istraživanjima iz različitih dijelova svijeta. Vlaknasta struktura i fragmentiranost obilježja su sekundarne mikroplastike, a njena predominacija sugerira da su glavni izvori podmorski ispusti otpadnih voda, raspad odbačenog otpada, ribolovne aktivnosti i transport čestica s gradskih površina vjetrom ili odljevnim vodama. Korištene metode pokazale su se adekvatnima i pristupačnima za uzorkovanje, međutim, uz prostor za napredak kroz implementaciju preciznijih metoda te češće uzorkovanje na duži vremenski period za potpuniji uvid u prostorno vremenske fluktuacije mikroplastike u morskim ekosustavima.
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