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Saharan dust induces NLRP3-dependent inflammatory cytokines in an alveolar air-liquid interface co-culture model

Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2023 15 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Gerrit Bredeck, Jochen Dobner, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Hartmut Herrmann, Andrea Rossi, Roel P. F. Schins

Summary

Researchers found that Saharan dust particles trigger a powerful inflammatory response in lung cells by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome — a protein complex that drives acute inflammation — suggesting that desert dust storms may directly cause lung injury and explain increased respiratory illness during dust events.

Since surfactants can decrease the toxicity of poorly soluble particles, the higher potency of SD than DQ12 in this surfactant-producing ALI model emphasizes the importance of readily soluble SD components such as microbial compounds. The higher potency of SD than DQ12 also renders SD a potential alternative particulate positive control for studies addressing acute inflammatory effects. The high pro-inflammatory potency depending on NLRP3, CASP-1, and IL-1β suggests that SD causes acute lung injury which may explain desert dust event-related increased respiratory morbidity and mortality.

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