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Identifikasi Bakteri Pendegradasi Polipropilen Pada Limbah Masker Dari Tpa Piyungan
Summary
This Indonesian study identified bacteria capable of degrading polypropylene in disposable face mask waste collected from a landfill. Bacteria that can break down synthetic polymers offer a potential biological tool for reducing microplastic formation from the large volumes of mask waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Perilaku menggunakan masker menjadi salah satu perubahan perilaku dampak dari pandemi COVID-19. Hal tersebut berdampak pula pada peningkatan timbunan limbah masker, terutama masker sekali pakai. Timbunan limbah tersebut dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan, mengganggu organisme hidup, maupun menyebabkan masalah kesehatan. Masker sekali pakai umumnya menggunakan bahan utama yaitu polipropilen yang memiliki sifat sulit terurai. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu upaya degradasi yang efisien yaitu dengan biodegradasi yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme sebagai agen degradasi, salah satunya yaitu bakteri. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel berupa isolat bakteri limbah masker dari TPA Piyungan. Tahapan yang dilakukan diantaranya yaitu skrining bakteri pendegradasi polipropilen dan identifikasi bakteri yang terseleksi dengan melakukan karakterisasi (morfologi, biokimia, dan uji pertumbuhan). Data karakterisasi digunakan untuk identifikasi bakteri pada tingkat genus menggunakan metode profile matching berdasarkan karakter kunci dengan mengacu pada Bergey’s Manual Determinative Bacteriology serta jurnal ilmiah yang relevan dengan topik penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis bakteri yang terdapat pada limbah masker dari TPA Piyungan yang berpotensi dalam mendegradasi polipropilen diantaranya yaitu bakteri Micrococcus sp. dan Streptococcus sp.. Kemudian, bakteri Micrococcus sp. memiliki kemampuan palig baik dalam mendegradasi polipropilen dengan zona bening yang terbentuk sebesar 1,73 mm.
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