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Aplikasi variasi jumlah pelat elektroda Al-Fe pada pengurangan mikroplastik dalam limbah masker secara elektrokoagulasi
Summary
Indonesian researchers tested electrocoagulation — an electrical treatment method — for removing microplastics from disposable face mask wastewater, examining how varying the number of aluminum-iron electrode plates affected removal efficiency. COVID-era mask disposal dramatically increased microplastic loads in wastewater, and electrocoagulation showed promise for treating this type of plastic-contaminated effluent.
Kebijakan untuk mencegah tersebarnya virus Covid-19 melalui kewajiban menggunakan masker menyebabkan jumlah limbah masker medis sekali pakai meningkat secara signifikan. Limbah ini berbahaya karena melepaskan mikroplastik di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah pelat elektroda Fe-Al pada pengurangan mikroplastik dalam limbah masker secara elektrokoagulasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah limbah masker medis. Masker dipotong-potong dengan ukuran 1-5 mm. Potongan masker tersebut direndam dalam aquades selama 7 hari. Cairan yang mengandung mikroplastik dielektrokoagulasi dengan kombinasi pelat elektroda (Al-Fe), (Al-Fe-Al), dan (Al-Fe-Al-Fe) selama 4 jam, arus listrik 2,5 A dan pH 6,0. Serat mikroplastik sebelum dan sesudah elektrokoagulasi diamati dengan mikroskop perbesaran 40 kali. Karakterisasi mikroplastik dilakukan dengan menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektifitas pengurangan mikroplastik yang dielektrokoagulasi menggunakan kombinasi pelat elektroda (Al-Fe), (Fe-Al-Fe), (Al-Fe-Al-Fe) berturut-turut adalah 82,5; 87,5; dan 90,0%. Semakin banyak jumlah pelat pada elektrokoagulasi mikroplastik dapat meningkatkan efektifitas pengurangan mikroplastik. Gugus fungsi yang terkandung dalam masker sebelum dan sesudah elektrokoagulasi mempunyai kemiripan dengan flok yang dihasilkan. Gumpalan Flok hasil elektrokoagulasi berbentuk variatif dan terdapat serat.
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