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Microplastics in the Food System: Should We Worry?

Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 2025 Score: 48 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Febbyandi Isnanda Pandiangan, Lili He

Summary

This review assessed microplastics as contaminants of concern across the food system, examining both food contact surfaces and agricultural and aquaculture foods as exposure sources. The authors estimated human ingestion exposure using both particle count and mass-based methods, concluding that exposure is widespread though health risk thresholds remain uncertain.

Microplastics (MP) are increasingly recognized as contaminants of concern in the food system due to their widespread presence and potential health risks. This review investigated food contact surfaces and aquacultural and agricultural foods as the primary sources of human ingestion exposure to MP and estimated their prevalence and exposure using both particle count and mass-based approaches. Additionally, the review identified the types of foods most susceptible to MP contamination and high-risk polymers and specific usage conditions that promote MP migration. Evidence of MP infiltration and accumulation in human tissues, including the brain, blood, placenta, liver, kidney, and heart, and their potential risks of adverse health effects are discussed. Perspectives on challenges are discussed, including innovations in analytics and materials, risk assessment on long-term implications, and the establishment of regulatory frameworks for mitigations. The ubiquity and unclear chronic toxicity of MP in foods and human bodies urge further research and coordinated actions to address this public health concern.

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