Microplastics in groundwater: An overview of source, distribution, mobility constraints and potential health impacts during the anthropocene

Microplastic characteristics, transport, risks, and remediation in groundwater: a review

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Researchers reviewed microplastic contamination in groundwater, finding concentrations up to 6,832 particles per liter from sources including landfills, agriculture, and atmospheric deposition, and reporting that membrane filtration technologies such as reverse osmosis can achieve 93–99% microplastic removal.

Ascertainment of Microplastic Pollution Load in the Groundwater and Its Antithetical Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review

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Researchers systematically reviewed microplastic pollution in groundwater, identifying landfills, wastewater treatment plants, and agricultural runoff as major contamination sources, and found that contamination levels can reach up to 6,832 microplastics per liter, posing significant risks to drinking water safety and human health.

Review of Microplastics behavior in the Groundwater

The Plastiverse Extends to Hydrogeologic Systems: Microplastics Are an Important Emerging Groundwater Contaminant Class

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Scientists are finding tiny plastic particles, called microplastics, in groundwater, the water stored underground that many communities rely on for drinking water. This matters because groundwater has long been considered relatively protected from surface pollution, so this research suggests we need to start paying closer attention to how these plastics get into our water supplies and what that could mean for our health down the road. More research is still needed to fully understand the risks, but this is an important first step in recognizing groundwater as another place where microplastic contamination shows up.

Occurrence and Fate of Microplastics in Freshwater Resources

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Microplastics enter freshwater resources through both primary sources such as cosmetic microbeads and secondary fragmentation of larger plastic debris, accumulating throughout river systems, lakes, and groundwater. Their persistence and widespread distribution in freshwater raise direct concerns for human exposure via drinking water consumption.