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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Environmental Sources Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

Detection and Characterization of Microplastics in Two Major Lakes of Nepal: Begnas and Phewa

NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. 2025
Monika Gurung, Sudeeksha Basyal, Reema Lama Pakhrin, R. Pandit, Yubraj Dahal, Bijay Thapa, Bikash Adhikari

Summary

This study provided some of the first evidence of microplastic contamination in two major Nepalese lakes, Begnas and Phewa, documenting the types, shapes, colors, and sources of particles found. The findings indicate that even high-altitude freshwater systems in Nepal are not immune to plastic pollution.

The widespread use and poor management of plastics are harming the environment. As plastics degrade, they break down into tiny particles smaller than 5mm, known as microplastics (MPs), which have become a growing environmental concern. In Nepal, very few studies have focused on MPs. This study investigates the sources, identification, and quantity of MPs, including their color and shape, in Begnas Lake and Phewa Lake, Nepal, using a slightly modified National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) protocol. Visual microscopy confirmed the presence of fibers and fragments in samples collected from both lakes. Overall, in Phewa Lake, MPs concentrations ranged from 0.56 ± 0.17 to 2.46 ± 1.66 particles/L, while in Begnas Lake, they ranged from 1.07 ± 0.27 to 1.33 ± 0.51 particles/L. Further studies on exposure and potential health risks are needed. Thus, this study indicates the prospective baseline data of MPs research in Nepal’s lake water.

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