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Emerging pollutants in etiology and pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome
Summary
This review explores how emerging environmental pollutants, including microplastics, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles, may contribute to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. The study suggests these pollutants can interfere with hormonal pathways and may play a role in the pathophysiology of this common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women worldwide. Although genetic and lifestyle factors have been implicated in its etiology, emerging evidence suggests that exposure to environmental pollutants may also contribute significantly to the development and pathophysiology of PCOS. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential role of emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), microplastics, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles, in PCOS development. The article summarizes the current understanding of PCOS pathogenesis and its clinical manifestations. Subsequently, it delves into the mechanisms of action of the emerging pollutants, exploring how they may disrupt the endocrine system, interfere with hormonal regulation, and contribute to the manifestation of PCOS symptoms. Moreover, the potential for cumulative effects and synergistic interactions between these pollutants demands a cautious approach when considering their role in PCOS etiology.