Hazard Evaluation of Novel Plasticizer, Di(2-Propylheptyl) Phthalate, to Aquatic Ecosystems

first_page Download PDF settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessAbstract Hazard Evaluation of Novel Plasticizer, Di(2-Propylheptyl) Phthalate, to Aquatic Ecosystems † by Anastasija PetrovaAnastasija Petrova Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar View Publications 1,2, Aljona LukjanovaAljona Lukjanova Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar View Publications 1,*, Irina BlinovaIrina Blinova Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar View Publications 1, Heiki VijaHeiki Vija Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar View Publications 1 and Margit HeinlaanMargit Heinlaan Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar View Publications 1 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia Tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia 2 School and Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Uus Sadama 5, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. † Presented at the International Conference EcoBalt 2023 "Chemicals & Environment", Tallinn, Estonia, 9–11 October 2023. Proceedings 2023, 92(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings92010045 Published: 24 November 2023 (This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference EcoBalt 2023 "Chemicals & Environment") Download keyboard_arrow_down Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes Keywords: microcrustacean; ecotoxicity; DPHP; DEHP; Daphnia magna Plastics differ in chemical composition due to numerous chemicals (additives) used to produce plastic for specific applications. Plastic additives may enter the environment not only from the plastic waste during its weathering but also at all stages of the plastic products' life cycle [1]. Plastic additives can be hazardous to living organisms and play a significant role in the adverse effects of plastic contamination [2,3]. However, there are knowledge gaps concerning the ecotoxicity of plastic additives [4]. Plasticizers are one group of plastic additives of which phthalates are the most used, but they are also known for their toxic potential. As the use of phthalate plasticizers has been increasingly regulated since the beginning of the 21st century, alternative plasticizers have appeared in their stead. The current study was conducted to obtain new experimental data on the potential ecotoxicity of high molecular weight phthalate plasticizer DPHP (Di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate) in comparison to DEHP (Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate), which was a formerly dominant but now restricted [5] low molecular weight plasticizer. For hazard evaluation, long-term (21 day) effects were studied in life cycle tests with Daphnia magna, which is a representative of microcrustacea and important link of the freshwater food web. D. magna was exposed to the plasticizers via spiked sediment (sand).The tests were conducted in lake water to increase the environmental relevance of the hazard data. Alarmingly, preliminary results showed that DPHP may be more hazardous to aquatic organisms than DEHP. The mortality of the organisms, exposed to DPHP plasticizer, was higher than with DEHP. D. magna reproduction (the average number of offspring/organism) was lower than in the unexposed control and comparable for both DPHP and DEHP. However, since fewer offspring were also recorded for the used solvent (ethyl acetate) control, the affected reproduction was not necessarily attributable to the plasticizers. Author ContributionsConceptualization, M.H., I.B. and A.L.; methodology, I.B., A.L. and H.V.; investigation, A.L., I.B., A.P. and H.V.; resources, M.H.; data curation, A.L., I.B. and H.V.; writing—original draft preparation, I.B. and A.L.; writing—review and editing, I.B., A.L. and M.H.; project administration M.H.; funding acquisition, M.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.FundingThis research was funded by the Estonian Research Council grant PRG1427.Institutional Review Board StatementNot applicable.Informed Consent StatementNot applicable.Data Availability StatementNot applicable.AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank AS Tallinna Vesi for cooperation (access to Ülemiste lake water and chemical analyses data of Ülemiste lake water).Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.ReferencesHahladakis, J.; Velis, C.; Weber, R.; Iacovidou, E.; Purnell, P. An overviez of chemical additives present in plastics: Migration, release, fate and environmental impact during their use, disposal and recycling. J. Hazard. Mater. 2018, 344, 179–199. 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Available online: https://www.echa.europa.eu/substances-restricted-under-reach (accessed on 20 September 2023).Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Petrova, A.; Lukjanova, A.; Blinova, I.; Vija, H.; Heinlaan, M. Hazard Evaluation of Novel Plasticizer, Di(2-Propylheptyl) Phthalate, to Aquatic Ecosystems. Proceedings 2023, 92, 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings92010045 AMA Style Petrova A, Lukjanova A, Blinova I, Vija H, Heinlaan M. Hazard Evaluation of Novel Plasticizer, Di(2-Propylheptyl) Phthalate, to Aquatic Ecosystems. Proceedings. 2023; 92(1):45. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings92010045 Chicago/Turabian Style Petrova, Anastasija, Aljona Lukjanova, Irina Blinova, Heiki Vija, and Margit Heinlaan. 2023. "Hazard Evaluation of Novel Plasticizer, Di(2-Propylheptyl) Phthalate, to Aquatic Ecosystems" Proceedings 92, no. 1: 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings92010045 Find Other Styles Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.