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Nanoplastic–Biomolecular Interactions
Summary
This review examines how nanoplastics interact with the biomolecules of living organisms — including proteins, DNA, lipids, and cellular membranes — and how these interactions drive biological harm at the molecular level. Understanding nanoplastic-biomolecule interactions is foundational to explaining why plastic particles at the nanoscale may pose greater health risks than larger microplastics, since they can penetrate cell membranes and reach intracellular targets.
The global-scale production of plastics has been instrumental for sustaining the modern way of life, while the accumulation of plastics in landfills, oceans, and any other environment has become a major stressor for environmental sustainability, climate, and, potentially, human health [...]