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Advanced analytical techniques for microplastics in the environment: a review
Summary
Researchers reviewed the most advanced laboratory tools for detecting and identifying microplastics in environmental samples — including infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and pyrolysis gas chromatography — summarizing the strengths and weaknesses of each technique to help researchers choose the right method for accurate microplastic analysis.
Abstract Background Due to the increasing usage of plastic, microplastics or plastic particles with a length of 1 to 5 mm are omnipresent in the environment, including freshwater, agricultural soil and seas. The majority of plastic trash is made up of microplastic debris, which has lately started to threaten ecosystems. This calls for immediate management and analysis to ensure the traceability of microplastics in the environment. The main body of the abstract The polymeric variety, irregular shape and microscopic size of microplastics make it difficult to quantify their presence in the environment. In this review, the analytical techniques for evaluating microplastics are discussed. The techniques included Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, laser diffraction particle, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscope, pyrolysis gas chromatography, dynamic light scattering, and atmospheric solid analysis probe (ASAP) paired with quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS). Short conclusion The purpose of the present review is to give a summary of the most efficient cutting-edge techniques for more accurate and precise microplastic examination in the environmental samples.