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Cesium removal from radioactive wastewater by adsorption and membrane technology
Summary
This review covers adsorption and membrane technologies for removing radioactive cesium from contaminated wastewater, comparing the effectiveness of various materials and filtration methods. While not directly about microplastics, the study discusses how emerging nanomaterials and membrane systems used for radioactive waste treatment overlap with technologies being developed for microplastic removal. The findings highlight advances in water purification that may have broader applications for filtering multiple types of pollutants.
Abstract Radiocesium is frequently present in radioactive wastewater, while its removal is still a challenge due to its small hydrated radius, high diffusion coefficient, and similar chemical behavior to other alkali metal elements with high background concentrations. This review summarized and analyzed the recent advances in the removal of Cs + from aqueous solutions, with a particular focus on adsorption and membrane separation methods. Various inorganic, organic, and biological adsorbents have undergone assessments to determine their efficacy in the removal of cesium ions. Additionally, membrane-based separation techniques, including reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, and membrane distillation, have also shown promise in effectively separating cesium ions from radioactive wastewater. Additionally, this review summarized the main approaches, including Kurion/SARRY system + desalination system and advanced liquid processing system, implemented after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in Japan to remove radionuclides from contaminated water. Adsorption technology and membrane separation technology play a vital role in treatment of contaminated water.
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