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Plastic Tax and Circular Economy Incentives to Tackle Climate Change (indonesian Context)
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This paper examines how a plastic excise tax, modeled on international examples, could reduce single-use plastic consumption in Indonesia while generating government revenue and supporting circular economy goals. It argues that fiscal policy is an underused tool for tackling plastic pollution and its contribution to climate change. While this is a policy paper rather than an ecotoxicology study, it is relevant to the broader question of how societies reduce the plastic waste that ultimately becomes environmental microplastic contamination.
The use of plastic can harm the environment and contribute to climate change. Later, climate change will reduce the quality of ecosystems, public health and a region's economy. The use of plastic needs to be reduced, especially for single-use or only plastic with a short useful life. One way to control the use of plastic is through a plastic tax, which in this study is categorized as an excise. This research aims to determine what tariff is appropriate for the Indonesian context, which will soon impose an excise on plastic. This study also provides an overview of state revenues from related plastic excise and incentives that can be given to business actors implementing a circular economy. Next, this research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. This study estimates the amount of excise and tax revenue from implementing plastic excise. The study results show the enormous potential for state revenue from plastic excise and import tax increases. Furthermore, synergistic activities carried out by Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEF) and Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE) can take the form of joint business processes in monitoring plastic waste recycling. This research could trigger further research regarding plastic excise and the effects on economic companies after the government determines the excise.
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Cukai Plastik Untuk Mengatasi Indonesia Darurat Sampah Plastik
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This Indonesian study analyzes the country's severe plastic waste crisis and evaluates whether a plastic excise tax could be an effective policy tool to reduce plastic consumption and pollution. The authors argue that fiscal policies combined with regulation and public participation are needed to address Indonesia's plastic emergency, which contributes to global microplastic contamination.
Plastic Tax in Indonesia: a Double Dividend Strategy for Marine Pollution Reduction and Sustainable Revenue Generation
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Indonesia is drowning in plastic waste, with hundreds of thousands of tons leaking into the ocean each year—breaking down into microplastics that can end up in the seafood we eat and the water we drink. This study proposes a plastic tax that could raise billions of dollars while cutting pollution, money that could fund better waste management and ocean cleanup instead of letting the problem grow. It's a reminder that smart policy—not just individual choices—may be key to reducing the plastic that eventually finds its way into our bodies.
Strategies to Overcome Marine Pollution Caused by Plastic Waste to Protect Marine Environment in Indonesia
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This paper reviews plastic pollution in Indonesian marine environments and discusses strategies to reduce it, including improved waste management, education, and policy enforcement. Indonesia is one of the world's largest contributors to ocean plastic waste due to rapid economic growth combined with inadequate waste infrastructure. The authors call for integrated national strategies combining regulatory, technological, and community approaches.
Plastic Excise Tax in Indonesia: Fiscal Potential and Short-run Economic Impacts from an Input–Output Simulation
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Indonesia is considering a small tax (about 1.3 cents) on single-use plastic bags to fight plastic pollution, which matters for human health since plastic waste breaks down into microplastics that contaminate our food, water, and even our bodies. This study found that while the tax could raise significant government revenue, it would likely cut plastic bag use nearly in half — but it would also cause a short-term dip in economic output, meaning the policy needs to be rolled out gradually with support for affected workers and industries. In short, less plastic pollution is achievable, but it comes with real economic trade-offs that need careful management.
Institutional Challenges and Continuous Pending on Levying Excise on the Use of Plastics in Indonesia
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This study examines why Indonesia's proposed plastic excise tax has repeatedly stalled despite the growing plastic waste crisis, finding that regulatory complexity, inter-ministerial coordination failures, and parliamentary approval requirements are key obstacles. The authors recommend aligning taxable plastic categories with Indonesia's existing Waste Reduction Roadmap to provide a pathway for legislative progress.
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