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Microplastic emissions via air and compost from an industrial composting facility in England
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Researchers measured microplastics in compost and air samples at an industrial green waste composting facility in England, finding microplastics at every stage of the composting process at concentrations similar to those in marine sediments. Airborne microplastics were detected not only on site but also downwind, suggesting composting facilities actively emit plastic particles into the surrounding environment. Compost spread on agricultural land and airborne emissions from processing facilities represent overlooked pathways through which microplastics enter soils and the atmosphere.
Composting provides a sustainable method of processing biodegradable waste but is often contaminated with plastic. We quantified and characterised microplastics in air and compost samples from an industrial aerobic green waste composting facility in England. Compost samples were taken at different stages of the process; air samples were taken onsite, upwind, and downwind. Microplastics were found in compost from all stages of the process at levels comparable to those reported for marine sediments; higher concentrations were found in the screening stages of the composting process (mean 9.0 (IQR: 7.1) and 9.0 (IQR: 7.4) MPs 5 g-1 (dw), for 30 mm and 10 mm screened material, respectively). Airborne microplastics were found onsite (32–49 MP m−3), upwind (1 MP m−3) and downwind (3 MP m−3). Composting facilities represent a potential source of microplastics and point of entry to the wider environment. Further investigation into other sites and processes is warranted.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.