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Microplastics
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This review summarizes the sources, distribution, chemical adsorption properties, and ecological effects of microplastics in marine environments, noting that different research protocols make it difficult to compare results across studies. It highlights the need for standardized methods and more research on how microplastics transfer chemical pollutants through marine food webs to potentially affect human health.
Microplastics come mainly from the degradation of larger plastics, but can also be produced directly. Although research on microplastics is relatively recent, numerous studies have been carried out around the world, reporting contamination in many marine species. However, these studies have been conducted with different protocols, with information reported that is not equivalent from one publication to another. Microplastics have the capacity to vectorize chemical contaminants by the adsorption of polluting substances present in the environment. Management of contamination due to the work environment is a primary control focus for the study of microplastics. The toxicological impact via the intake of microplastics in food has been clearly demonstrated for some organisms such as fish, oysters, marine worms, mice, clams and crabs by actions on their development, metabolism or reproduction. The search for microplastics, regardless of the matrix considered, is relatively recent, leading to the absence of a harmonized method for obtaining comparable data.
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Micro Plastics in Marine Ecosystem
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This review summarizes the sources, distribution, fate, and biological impacts of microplastics in marine ecosystems, covering ingestion by fish and invertebrates, trophic transfer, chemical toxicity from adsorbed pollutants, and current monitoring approaches.
Marine Microplastic Pollution: Detection Methods, Ecological Risks, and Control Strategies
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This review summarizes existing research on ocean microplastic pollution. It finds that testing methods vary widely between studies, making results hard to compare, and that microplastics can be eaten by marine organisms and move through food chains, causing physical harm, though real-world risks remain unconfirmed.
Distribution, Migration and Ecological Effects of Microplastics in Marine Environment
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This review provides a broad overview of microplastic pollution in the world's oceans, covering where these particles come from, how they are distributed across surface waters, sediments, and marine organisms, and how they move through ocean currents. Researchers summarize the ecological effects of marine microplastics, including their ability to carry toxic chemicals and harm marine life. The study calls for stronger international cooperation and standardized research methods to address this growing environmental challenge.
Microplastics in Marine Environment: Occurrence, Distribution, and Extraction Methods in Marine Organisms
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This review summarized the occurrence, distribution, and extraction methods of microplastics in marine organisms, highlighting how these particles enter marine food webs through runoff and atmospheric deposition and pose risks to ecosystems and human health.
Analysis and characterisation of microplastics in marine environment
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This review examined the methods used to analyze and characterize microplastics in marine environments, covering sampling approaches, extraction protocols, and identification techniques. Researchers identified significant variability across studies and called for greater harmonization of methods to improve data comparability. The review provides a practical overview for researchers entering the field and highlights the technical challenges that must be addressed to generate reliable marine microplastic data.
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