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Investigação científica de microplásticos na praia Pedra do Sal em Parnaíba – Piauí
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This Brazilian Portuguese study assessed microplastic pollution in beach sediments at Pedra do Sal beach in Parnaíba, documenting contamination in an area with limited prior research. The study contributes to baseline data on microplastic contamination along Brazil's northeastern coastline.
A poluição, ocasionada pelo plástico, perdura-se como um problema de grande relevância dos pontos de vista ambientais, econômicos e sociais, visto que, o plástico é um material muito utilizado. As partículas que apresentam tamanhos entre 1 e 5 mm de comprimento, são de intituladas microplásticos (MP), os quais podem ser classificados como primários ou secundários. Os microplásticos são considerados, atualmente, como contaminantes emergentes, pois apresentam grandes riscos ao meio ambiente, principalmente a biota marinha. A ausência de estudos acerca de microplásticos na praia Pedra do Sal (Parnaíba-PI motivou o presente trabalho, a fim de investigar a presença de microplásticos nesta região. Para isso, amostras foram coletadas e caracterizadas fisicamente, utilizando um microscópio eletrônico e quimicamente por Espectroscopia de infravermelho (IV). Os resultados mostraram no espectro obtido bandas de 3571-3214 cm-1 estiramento O-H; 1424 cm-1 deformação C-H de alcenos; 1082 cm-1 estiramento C-O de álcool; 872 cm-1 deformação C-H de alcenos dissubstituído geminal; 781 cm-1 Deformação C-H de anel benzênico com 5 átomos H adjacentes livres (1° pico); 697 cm-1 Deformação C-H de anel benzênico com 5 átomos H adjacentes livres (segunda banda). Observando uma predominância de resíduos de sílica, presentes na areia, sobre os fragmentos de plásticos obtidos após o procedimento final da filtração. Entretanto mesmo com sobreposições vistas das bandas de sílica sobre os microplásticos, pode-se distinguir estiramentos específicos presentes no nylon e no Polietileno tereftalato.
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