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Impact of microplastics on macrozoobenthos
Summary
This review examines the impacts of microplastics on macrozoobenthos communities in aquatic ecosystems, detailing documented effects including digestive tract damage, reduced growth, morphological deformities, tissue necrosis, and increased mortality rates. The study also addresses how bioaccumulation of microplastics through trophic levels amplifies harm to higher-order organisms, including humans.
Zbog svoje ekonomske isplativosti i mnogostruke upotrebe, plastika je postala neizostavan dio ljudskog života. Po završetku njene upotrebe, nerijetko završava u okolišu gdje se zbog fizičkih i kemijskih procesa degradira u manje čestice. Mikroplastika danas predstavlja velik problem u svim ekosustavima jer uzrokuje negativne posljedice organizmima koji dolaze s njom u kontakt. Nakon unosa čestica mikroplastike zajedno s hranom i vodom kod organizama koji čine zajednice makrozoobentosa, ali i kod svih drugih živih bića, se nakon nekog vremena počinju javljati promjene. Zabilježene promjene su u obliku oštećenja probavnog trakta, smanjenog i usporenog rasta, morfoloških deformacija, odumiranja tkiva i povećane razine smrtnosti. Na to koliko će posljedice biti velike utječe veličina i vrsta čestice mikroplastike. Osim što negativno utječe na beskralješnjake koji žive u vodenim okolišima, procesom bioakumulacije, mikroplastika uzrokuje još veće probleme organizmima viših trofičkih razina, uključujući i ljude kod kojih uz mehanička oštećenja i bolesti, uzrokuje i tumore.
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