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The effect of microplastics on oxidative stress appearance and activity of antioxidant enzymes in onion (Allium cepa L.) roots
Summary
Researchers exposed onion (Allium cepa) roots to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and polymethyl methacrylate microplastics (PMMA-MPs) at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 g/L, measuring oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activity. While root growth was largely unaffected and reactive oxygen species did not accumulate to toxic levels, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, APX, PPX) increased at all concentrations, with PS-MPs showing stronger effects than PMMA-MPs.
Sve učestalija proizvodnja i upotreba različitih plastičnih proizvoda u širokom spektru ljudskih djelatnosti kao i neadekvatno zbrinjavanje dovelo je do nakupljanja plastike u okolišu. Različitim procesima plastika se razgrađuje na sitnije čestice poput mikroplastike (MPs) koje zbog male veličine imaju tendenciju nakupljanja i bioakumulacije u tkivima biljaka, životinja i ljudi. U ovom radu ispitan je utjecaj 0,01, 0,1 i 1 g L-1 MPs od dva različita tipa polimera, polistirena (PSMPs) i polimetil metakrilata (PMMA-MPs) na pojavu oksidacijskog stresa u korjenčićima luka (Allium cepa). Određena je stabilnost čestica, pri čemu je zabilježena manja stabilnost PS-MPs u odnosu na PMMA-MPs. Mjerenjem duljine korjenčića nije zabilježen toksični učinak na rast izuzev tretmana s PS-MPs kod najmanje ispitane koncentracije. Izmjereni sadržaj reaktivnih oblika kisika (ROS) ukazao je na izostanak oksidacijskog stresa, što je potvrđeno mjerenjem oštećenja lipida, proteina i molekule DNA gdje su također izostale statistički značajne promjene u odnosu na kontrolu, uz nešto više vrijednosti tretmana PS-MPs u odnosu na PMMA-MPs. Povećana aktivnost antioksidacijskih enzima superoksid dismutaze (SOD), katalaze (CAT), askorbat (APX) i pirogalol peroksidaze (PPX) zabilježena je kod svih tretmana, pri čemu je najveća aktivnost zabilježena kod najveće ispitane koncentracije. Rezultati su pokazali da PSMPs ima jači toksični utjecaj od PMMA-MPs.
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