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Nanoplastics as Competitors of Natural Colloids in the Environment: The Case of Gadolinium Complexes

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Nanoplastics as competitors of natural colloids in the environment: The case of gadolinium complexes

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Nanoplastics in seawater can adsorb rare earth elements such as gadolinium — a metal increasingly released into the environment from MRI contrast agents — with roughly half of gadolinium adsorbing onto nanoplastics even in complex seawater chemistry. Surprisingly, lower concentrations of nanoplastics adsorbed more gadolinium per particle, suggesting that particle aggregation at higher concentrations reduces effective surface area. This reveals that nanoplastics could act as unexpected vectors for transporting rare earth and other trace metal contamination through aquatic environments.

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Researchers review current knowledge on micro- and nanoplastic distribution across environmental compartments, documenting ingestion and inhalation pathways through food chains and evaluating trends in contamination levels in agricultural, aquatic, and human biological systems.

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Researchers reviewed the many ways nanoplastics — plastic fragments too small to see without a microscope — affect living organisms and broader ecosystems, finding evidence of harm to reproduction, behavior, and cellular function across multiple species. Because nanoplastics are even harder to detect and filter than microplastics, they may pose an underappreciated threat to biodiversity and food chains.

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Researchers explore the challenges posed by nanoplastics in wastewater, examining monitoring methods for detecting these extremely small particles, their ecotoxicity to aquatic organisms and ecosystems, and promising remediation strategies for reducing nanoplastic contamination before treated water is discharged into the environment.

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