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Microplastic Pollution in India's Marine and Inland Environmental Matrices: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Zoological Investigations 2024
Rebecca Cathrine Jayakumari D, Deborah Anne Rose N, Sheeba Anitha Nesakumari C, Mahesh T.C, Raju Saravanan, N Thirunavukkarasu

Summary

This review pulls together existing research showing that tiny plastic fragments called microplastics are widespread in India's rivers, coastlines, and drinking water sources, and that fish and other seafood are absorbing them too. This matters because when we eat contaminated seafood or drink affected water, we may be ingesting these particles ourselves, though scientists are still working to fully understand the health effects. The review mainly highlights gaps in current research, signaling that more studies are needed to pin down exactly how risky this contamination is for people.

Microplastics (<5mm) are plastic particles that either originated directly or formed because of larger plastic particle degradation.These microplastics (MPs) eventually enter the terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environments, leading to microplastic pollution.MP pollution is an emerging global environmental issue, with India being no exception.This review paper discusses the occurrence of the infiltration of microplastics into Indian sediments and water bodies, the ingestion of microplastics by fish and other aquatic organisms, and the resulting ecotoxicological implications.The main prospect is to determine the abundance and distribution of microplastics in various locations in India and the methodologies used in sampling, quantifying, and identifying this microplastic debris.The primary objective of this review was to offer more valuable insights into the already existing literature, identify key findings and identify research gaps.This will be helpful for future research in the field of microplastic pollution in India.

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