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A comprehensive review of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants
Summary
This review surveys microplastic removal technologies used in wastewater treatment plants, comparing membrane bioreactors, electrocoagulation, coagulation-sedimentation, and biodegradation approaches. Understanding removal efficiency at treatment plants is critical because they are a primary pathway by which microplastics — and the toxic chemicals they carry — reach rivers, coastal waters, and ultimately drinking water supplies.
This study is a review of microplastic pollution removal methods, which are the most current pollution problems in today’s world, and which have been tried to be clarified with the studies done in the recent years on their behavior, source, and removal. Used in microplastic removal; dynamic membranes have low filtration resistance low transmembrane pressure, easy to use and purification without the use of chemicals, combined use of membrane bioreactors and advanced purification methods with porous membranes, combined treatment of wastewater treatment plants by sorption-biological processes, low maintenance costs, simple use, classical coagulation and sedimentation methods, microparticles removal with a simple mechanism, and working conditions can be controlled, the flexibility of the electrocoagulation method in terms of removal of the smallest particles, minimum sludge production, energy efficiency, cost effectiveness and automation, biodegradation has advantages such as simplicity and safety in large-scale use, low operating costs, practical applicability in different environments, and flexibility to manage a wide variety of wastewater properties and flows. Key words. microplastic, treatment, coagulation, flotation, DAF system, biological treatment, flocculation.