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Interactions Between Various Classes of Pesticides and Microplastics
Summary
This review summarized how microplastics interact with pesticides from multiple chemical classes, covering adsorption, desorption, environmental transport, and combined toxicity. The authors found that microplastic-pesticide interactions are governed by both the plastic's surface chemistry and the pesticide's physicochemical properties, and that combined exposures often amplify toxicity beyond either contaminant alone.
Microplastics (MPs) are now recognized as ubiquitous in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, where they interact with a diverse range of agrochemicals, including pesticides from multiple chemical classes. The interactions between microplastics and pesticides, encompassing sorption/desorption, environmental fate, transport, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, are dictated by the physicochemical properties of both the plastic and pesticide molecules, and are further affected by environmental conditions. This report synthesizes current findings on the interactions among the five primary classes of synthetic pesticides (neonicotinoids, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, and organochlorines) and microplastics, clarifying the underlying mechanisms, class-specific differences, and implications for environmental persistence and ecotoxicological risk.