Research progress on sources, harms and countermeasures of marine pollution

Human behavior is posing a serious threat to the ecological environment of the global ocean. This paper explores three important issues related to the marine environment: nuclear pollution, ocean acidification and marine microplastic pollution. First, the problem of nuclear pollution focuses on the potential threat to marine ecosystems and human health from nuclear sewage discharge from the nuclear power plant in Japan. Although the Japanese government has taken some response measures, the relevant risks and impacts still need attention to and addressed. It is suggested to strengthen supervision and management, promote technological innovation, and reasonably support the affected communities. Second, the ocean acidification problem is exacerbated by excessive atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions, which has a serious impact on marine life and ecosystems. The article advocates reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, promoting renewable energy development, and strengthening international cooperation and scientific research to protect marine ecosystems. Finally, in response to marine microplastic pollution, it calls for strengthening the development and use of plastic alternatives, improving waste management and treatment, and promoting innovation in microplastic detection and removal technologies. Addressing these issues requires the combined efforts of governments, researchers and the public, including enhanced monitoring, research and development of effective management policies.