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More than just sweet: current insights into microplastics in honey products and a case study of Melipona quadrifasciata honey

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts 2024 10 citations

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Researchers found microplastic contamination in 100% of honey samples from native Brazilian bees, with polypropylene fibers being the most common type detected. Concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 2.6 particles per milliliter of honey, showing that even honey from native bee species in vegetated areas is contaminated. This adds honey to the growing list of everyday foods through which people regularly consume microplastics.

Polymers

Honey, traditionally known as a pure and natural substance, has become an unexpected reservoir for microplastic contamination. This study consisted of an experimental investigation to assess the occurrence of microplastics in honey produced by Melipona quadrifasciata, a native bee species in Brazil. Our investigation covers eight areas (one sample per area), including built and vegetated areas located in São Paulo city, Brazil, to understand the distribution of microplastics in these environments. Honey samples (10 mL) were collected using a syringe and sent to the laboratory for further analysis. Microplastics extracted from honey samples were characterized under a stereomicroscope to determine their size, color, and morphology. Also, the polymer type was determined by FTIR analysis. All honey samples (100%) showed microplastics. The predominant particles displayed a fiber shape with a size below 299 μm and a transparent color and were primarily composed of polypropylene. Their concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 2.6 particles per mL of honey, raising concerns about their potential impact on bee populations and human consumers. This study underscores the need for further research on the sources and implications of microplastic contamination in Melipona quadrifasciata honey, shedding light on the broader issue of environmental plastic pollution and its impact on pollinators.

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