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Accumulation and Toxicity of Nanoplastics in Photosynthetic‐Species
Summary
This review examines how nanoplastics, plastic particles smaller than one micrometer, affect plants ranging from algae to crop species. Researchers found that nanoplastics can cross plant cell barriers and interfere with photosynthesis, growth, and gene expression. The study highlights that the small size of nanoplastics makes them particularly concerning because they can penetrate deeper into plant tissues than larger microplastics.
Abstract This plastic waste degrades into nanoparticles, which are referred to as nanoplastics (NPs) pollutants, due to faulty reuse and recycling processes. These micro and nano plastic pollutants have the ability to absorb and interact with common pollutants and have a high surface area to volume ratio, which causes serious effects on the environment, especially plants. The size of pollutants is so small that they can cross the biological barriers and affect the cellular and molecular levels. Exposure to nanoplastics in photosynthetic species affects the growth and photosynthesis mechanism of the plants. Nanoplastics also affect humans through intake of the exposed plant materials. These pollutants can be plastic pellets, personal care products, marine coatings, synthetic textiles, etc. Plastic pollutants may enter the human body mainly through contaminated food and water. This review incorporates the toxicity of such pollutant and how their remediation is being done. The focus is also on the advancement of detection and remediation techniques.