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Climate Change—The Rise of Climate-Resilient Crops
Summary
This review discusses efforts to breed climate-resilient crops that can withstand extreme weather events like droughts, floods, and heat waves caused by climate change. While not about microplastics, the research is relevant because microplastic contamination in agricultural soil adds another stress factor that crops must cope with. As both climate change and plastic pollution worsen, understanding how plants respond to combined environmental stresses becomes increasingly important for food security.
Climate change disrupts food production in many regions of the world. The accompanying extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, heat waves, and cold snaps, pose threats to crops. The concentration of carbon dioxide also increases in the atmosphere. The United Nations is implementing the climate-smart agriculture initiative to ensure food security. An element of this project involves the breeding of climate-resilient crops or plant cultivars with enhanced resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions. Modern agriculture, which is currently homogeneous, needs to diversify the species and cultivars of cultivated plants. Plant breeding programs should extensively incorporate new molecular technologies, supported by the development of field phenotyping techniques. Breeders should closely cooperate with scientists from various fields of science.
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