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Biotechnological advancements in microplastics degradation in drinking water: Current insights and Future perspectives
Summary
This review examines the growing concern of microplastics in drinking water and explores biotechnological approaches for breaking them down, including methods from metagenomics and synthetic biology. Researchers note that microplastics have been detected in tap water and various human samples, raising questions about long-term health effects. The study highlights that the wide variety of microplastic sizes and shapes makes detection and removal from liquid water samples particularly challenging.
Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as persistent toxicants in the recent decade. MPs are reported to present in different samples such as soil, water, wastewater, and human samples including placenta, urine etc. Recent studies have reported its presence in drinking water. MPs presence in the drinking water is of concern to the research because MPs are associated with several toxicities in animal models including human. The presented review is focused on understanding MPs abundance, sources, detection, analysis, and biotechnological approaches for its degradation. The paper discusses MPs sources, distribution, and transport in drinking water. In addition, it discusses the MPs identification in drinking water, and advances in biotechnological, metagenomics, system, and synthetic biology approaches for MPs degradation. Moreover, it discusses critically the major challenges associated with the MPs degradation in drinking water. Heterogeneity in the MPs size and shape makes it its identification difficult in the drinking water. Most of the methods available for MPs analysis are based on the dried samples analysis. Development of MPs in liquid samples may bring a breakthrough in the research.