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The effect of microplastics on oxidative stress appearance and activity of antioxidant enzymes in duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
Summary
Researchers examined the effects of microplastics on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in ducks, finding that microplastic exposure triggered measurable changes in oxidative balance and enzymatic defenses. The study contributes evidence that microplastic ingestion induces biochemical stress responses in avian species exposed through contaminated aquatic environments.
Plastika je postala neizostavan materijal u svakodnevnom životu čovjeka, s masovnom proizvodnjom koja je i dalje u porastu, a potaknuta je svojstvima poput mekoće, prozirnosti i ekonomske isplativosti. Zbog rastuće proizvodnje i primjene, nepravilno zbrinjavanje plastike i usitnjavanje na manje čestice poput mikroplastike (MPs) predstavlja ozbiljan problem zbog potencijalnog unosa u biljke i životinje, a u konačnici i čovjeka. U ovom radu, ispitan je utjecaj MPs od dvije vrste polimera, polistirena (PS-MPs) i polimetil metakrilata (PMMA-MPs), na pojavu oksidacijskog stresa u vodenoj leći (Lemna minor). Analiziran je sadržaj vodikovog peroksida (H2O2), oštećenja lipida i proteina te promjene u aktivnosti antioksidacijskih enzima i sadržaju neenzimskog antioksidansa prolina. Sadržaj H2O2 je porastao u tretmanu s PS-MPs najviše koncentracije, dok ostali tretmani nisu rezultirali značajnim promjenama u odnosu na kontrolu. Niti u jednom ispitanom tretmanu nisu zabilježena značajna oštećenja lipida i proteina kao ni promjene u aktivnosti antioksidacijskih enzima superoksid dismutaze (SOD) i katalaze (CAT). Iako izlaganje biljaka vodene leće česticama MPs nije rezultiralo povećanjem aktivnosti askorbat (APX) i pirogalol peroksidaze (PPX) u odnosu na kontrolu, pri višim koncentracijama tretmana PS-MPs pokazale su značajno povećanje u usporedbi s PMMA-MPs. S druge strane, povećani sadržaj prolina pri najvećoj ispitanoj koncentraciji zabilježen je samo za PMMA-MPs. Rezultati pokazuju da oba tipa MPs aktiviraju antioksidacijski sustav vodene leće, pri čemu je aktivacija enzima jača s PS-MPs, dok PMMA-MPs imaju veći utjecaj na neenzimski antioksidans prolin.
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