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How Are Microplastics Represented in the Korean Media? : An Analysis Based on Reporting Periods, Political Inclinations and Uncertainty

Korean Journal of Communication & Information 2024 2 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 40 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Yungwook Kim, Hyejung Kim

Summary

An analysis of 514 South Korean news articles about microplastics from 2018 to 2023 found that media coverage focused heavily on health and environmental risks while rarely acknowledging the scientific uncertainty that still surrounds microplastic hazards. Coverage shifted after a 2021 government anti-plastics policy announcement, moving from problem-framing toward response-framing, with progressive outlets emphasizing regulation and conservative outlets emphasizing research and technology. The study warns that consistent omission of uncertainty in media reporting may suppress public scientific debate and lead to poorly calibrated risk perceptions.

본 연구는 2018년 1월부터 2023년 7월까지 보도된 미세플라스틱에 관한 기사 514건을 대상으로 내용분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 언론은 미세플라스틱의 발생 원인이나 대응책보다는 미세플라스틱이 초래할 수 있는 환경 및 건강 문제에 주목한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 미세플라스틱 언론보도는 보도 시기와 언론사 정치적 성향에 따라 프레임의 차이를 보여주었는데, 정부의 ‘생활폐기물 탈플라스틱 대책’ 발표 이전인 2018년부터 2020년 사이에 언론은 환경과 건강 문제 프레임에 집중하였고, 2021년부터 2023년 시기에는 대응 프레임에 주목하였다. 진보 언론은 미세플라스틱 문제를 환경과 건강 문제 프레임으로 접근하였으며, 보수 언론은 미세플라스틱 문제 대응에 더욱 집중하였다. 나아가, 미세플라스틱 문제 대응의 하위 프레임에서 진보 언론은 정책 및 규제에 중점을 두었으나, 보수 언론은 연구 및 개발에 중점을 둔 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 언론은 미세플라스틱이 미칠 영향에 과학적으로 규명되어야 할 부분이 여전히 남아있음에도 불구하고 그러한 불확실성을 언급하지 않은 채 미세플라스틱 위험을 확실한 것으로 보도하는 경향을 보였으며, 이 경향은 시간이 흐를수록 더욱 뚜렷해졌다. 언론의 이러한 접근은 오히려 과학적인 담론을 위축시키고, 불확실성 문제를 사회적으로 광범위하게 논의할 기회를 제공하지 못하는 것으로 드러났다.

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