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A combined toxicological impact on Artemia salina caused by the presence of dust particles, microplastics from cosmetics, and paracetamol
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Researchers exposed brine shrimp to a combination of dust particles, cosmetic microplastics, and paracetamol to study their combined toxicity. The findings indicate that multiple pollutants together caused greater harm than any single pollutant alone, reducing hatching rates, survival, and antioxidant defenses, which highlights how real-world mixtures of contaminants can amplify damage to aquatic life.
Environmental pollution poses a significant and pressing threat to the overall well-being of aquatic ecosystems in modern society. This study showed that pollutants like dusts from AC filter, fan wings and Traffic dust PM 2.5 were exposed to Artemia salina in pristine form and in combination. The findings indicated that exposure to multi-pollutants had a detrimental effect on the hatching rates of A. salina cysts. Compared to untreated A. salina, the morphology of adult (7th day old) A. salina changed noticeably after each incubation period (24-120 h). Oxidative stress increased considerably as the exposure duration increased from 24 to 120 h compared to the control group. There was a time-dependent decline in antioxidant enzyme activity and total protein concentration. When all particles were used all together, the total protein content in A. salina decreased significantly. All particles showed a considerable decline in survival rate. Those exposed to traffic dust particles showed significantly higher levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity than those exposed to other particles.
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Particulate matter and nanoplastics: synergistic impact on Artemia salina
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Combining nanoplastics with particulate matter (airborne or aquatic fine particles) produces worse outcomes for the brine shrimp Artemia salina than either pollutant alone, reducing survival and vitality. This synergistic toxicity is important because in real environments, nanoplastics rarely exist in isolation — they co-occur with other pollutants, making risk assessments based on single-contaminant studies likely to underestimate harm.
Pharmaceutical Products and Pesticides Toxicity Associated with Microplastics (Polyvinyl Chloride) in Artemia salina
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Researchers investigated the combined toxicity of polyvinyl chloride microplastics with pharmaceutical products and pesticides on brine shrimp, finding that microplastic mixtures altered the toxic effects of these chemical contaminants on aquatic organisms.
Ecotoxicity of emerging pollutants: Interactive impact of polystyrene nanoplastics and Metanil yellow on Artemia salina
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Researchers exposed a common marine test animal, brine shrimp, to polystyrene nanoplastics combined with a synthetic yellow dye and found the mixture was far more toxic than either substance alone, killing over 93% of shrimp. The dye coated the nanoplastic surfaces, increased particle size, and amplified oxidative stress, showing that nanoplastics can make co-existing pollutants more dangerous.
Effects of salinity on naphthalene adsorption and toxicity of polyethylene microparticles on Artemia salina
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Researchers studied how polyethylene microplastics and the chemical pollutant naphthalene interact at different salinity levels and affect the survival and feeding of brine shrimp. They found that higher concentrations of both microplastics and naphthalene reduced shrimp survival rates, and that microplastics adsorbed more naphthalene at elevated salinity levels. The findings demonstrate that the co-occurrence of microplastics and chemical pollutants in aquatic environments can create compounding harmful effects on marine organisms.
Toxicological effects of microplastics and sulfadiazine on Artemia sinica
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Researchers exposed the brine shrimp Artemia sinica to the antibiotic sulfadiazine and polystyrene microplastics individually and in combination, finding that all treatments reduced swimming speed and altered antioxidant capacity, with combined exposure producing exacerbated effects.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.