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The Design of a Sustainable Industrial Wastewater Treatment System and The Generation of Biohydrogen from E. crassipes
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Researchers designed a sustainable industrial wastewater treatment system for a specific industrial process, evaluating treatment train configurations for removing target contaminants while minimizing energy consumption and sludge generation. The optimized design achieved regulatory compliance for effluent quality while reducing operational costs compared to the existing system.
Water scarcity is a significant global issue caused by the prolonged disregard and unsustainable management of this essential resource by both public and private bodies. The dependence on fossil fuels further exacerbates society's bleak environmental conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to explore alternative solutions to preserve our nation's water resources properly and promote the production of biofuels. Research into the utilization of E. crassipes to remove heavy metals and generate biofuels is extensive. The combination of these two lines of inquiry presents an excellent opportunity to achieve sustainable development goals. This study aims to develop a sustainable wastewater treatment system and generate biohydrogen from dry, pulverized E. crassipes biomass. A treatment system was implemented to treat 1 L of industrial waste. The interconnected compartment system was built by utilizing recycled PET bottles to generate biohydrogen by reusing the feedstock for the treatment process. The production of biological hydrogen through dark fermentation, using biomass containing heavy metals as a biohydrogen source, was studied. Cr (VI) and Pb (II) levels had a low impact on hydrogen production. The uncontaminated biomass of E. crassipes displayed a significantly higher hydrogen yield (81.7 mL H2/g glucose). The presence of Cr (IV) in E. crassipes leads to a decrease in biohydrogen yield by 14%, and the presence of Pb (II) in E. crassipes leads to a decrease in biohydrogen yield of 26%. This work proposes a strategy that utilizes green technologies to recover and utilize contaminated water. Additionally, it enables the production of bioenergy with high efficiency, indirectly reducing greenhouse gases. This strategy aligns with international programs for the development of a circular economy.
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Microplastics and heavy metals often team up in our environment, with tiny plastic particles acting like rafts that carry toxic metals into water, soil, and eventually our bodies, making the combined pollution potentially more harmful than either one alone. This review pulls together a decade of research on eco-friendly cleanup solutions, showing how bacteria, algae, fungi, and plants can naturally break down or trap these pollutants instead of relying on costly, harsh chemical treatments. While these biological methods are still mostly tested in labs, they offer a promising, sustainable path toward cleaner water and food systems in the future.
Microbial Community in a Wastewater System
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Researchers characterized microbial community composition in a wastewater treatment system, examining how treatment stage and operational conditions shape bacterial diversity and functional potential relevant to pollutant degradation.
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