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14 C-labelled nanoplastics reveal size-dependent bioaccumulation in juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )
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Using radiocarbon-labelled particles, researchers tracked how nanoplastics of different sizes accumulate and move through juvenile rainbow trout, showing that particle size determines how long nanoplastics stay in the fish and how far they translocate from the gut. Because rainbow trout are widely eaten and farmed, these findings have direct implications for understanding human exposure to nanoplastics through fish consumption.
Size-dependent residence time and translocation of nanoplastics in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ).
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14 C-labelled nanoplastics reveal size-dependent bioaccumulation in juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )
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Researchers used carbon-14-labelled nanoplastics to track size-dependent uptake, biodistribution, and elimination in juvenile rainbow trout at environmentally relevant concentrations. The study found that 20 nm particles translocated across gut tissue into internal organs, while larger 250 nm particles did not, demonstrating that nanoplastic bioaccumulation is strongly size-dependent even at very low exposure levels.
Uptake, distribution and elimination of palladium-doped polystyrene nanoplastics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following dietary exposure
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Researchers tracked the uptake, tissue distribution, and elimination of palladium-doped polystyrene nanoplastics in rainbow trout during dietary exposure and depuration. The study found that nanoplastics accumulated primarily in the intestinal tissues and were also detected in the liver, gallbladder, and kidney, with incomplete clearance after the depuration period.
Translocation of 14C-polystyrene nanoplastics into fish during a very-low concentration dietary exposure
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Researchers used carbon-14 labeled polystyrene nanoplastics to trace their accumulation in rainbow trout fed a diet containing very low concentrations of the particles over two weeks. They found that nanoplastics translocated from the gut into internal organs, with significantly elevated radioactivity detected in the hind intestine and liver by day 14. The study demonstrates that even at extremely low dietary concentrations, nanoplastics can cross the intestinal barrier and distribute to fish tissues.
Insights into Tissue-Specific Bioaccumulation of Nanoplastics in Marine Medaka as Revealed by a Stable Carbon Isotopic Approach
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Using fluorescently labeled nanoplastics, researchers tracked tissue-specific accumulation of these tiny particles in marine medaka fish, finding that nanoplastics concentrated in particular organs and persisted over time. Because nanoplastics are so small they can cross biological barriers, understanding exactly where they accumulate in fish bodies helps assess the risk they pose to both marine life and to humans who consume seafood.
Ultra-low dietary exposure to 14C-labelled polystyrene: evidencing translocation of nanoplastics in fish
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Researchers synthesized carbon-14 radiolabelled polystyrene nanoplastics and fed them to rainbow trout at an ultra-low dietary concentration of 5.9 µg polystyrene/kg feed for two weeks, measuring radioactivity in mid intestine, hind intestine, kidney, and liver at days 3, 7, and 14 via liquid scintillation counting. Significantly elevated radioactivity was detected in the hind intestine and liver of exposed fish by day 14, with liver tissue equivalent to 1.8 µg polystyrene/g dry weight, demonstrating translocation of nanoplastics from the gut to systemic organs even at environmentally relevant low exposures.
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