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A comprehensive evaluation of influencing factors of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) in farmland soils across China: First focus on film mulching
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Researchers evaluated neonicotinoid insecticide residues across 391 farmland soil samples in China, comparing greenhouse, film-mulched, and open field conditions. The study found that greenhouse soils had the highest insecticide residues, followed by film-mulched fields, and identified a significant co-occurrence between neonicotinoid contamination and microplastic pollution in agricultural soils.
Neonicotinoid insecticide (NEO) residues in agricultural soils have concerning and adverse effects on agroecosystems. Previous studies on the effects of farmland type on NEOs are limited to comparing greenhouses with open fields. On the other hand, both NEOs and microplastics (MPs) are commonly found in agricultural fields, but their co-occurrence characteristics under realistic fields have not been reported. This study grouped farmlands into three types according to the covering degree of the film, collected 391 soil samples in mainland China, and found significant differences in NEO residues in the soils of the three different farmlands, with greenhouse having the highest NEO residue, followed by farmland with film mulching and farmland without film mulching (both open fields). Furthermore, this study found that MPs were significantly and positively correlated with NEOs. As far as we know this is the first report to disclose the association of film mulching and MPs with NEOs under realistic fields. Moreover, multiple linear regression and random forest models were used to comprehensively evaluate the factors influencing NEOs (including climatic, soil, and agricultural indicators). The results indicated that the random forest model was more reliable, with MPs, farmland type, and total nitrogen having higher relative contributions.
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Neonicotinoid metabolites in farmland surface soils in China based on multiple agricultural influencing factors: A national survey
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A nationwide survey of 31 Chinese provinces found neonicotinoid metabolites widely present in agricultural soils at a geometric mean of 0.298 μg/kg, with higher residues linked to greater plastic film cover and irrigation practices.
Occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in soils from greenhouse and open-field cultivation using plastic mulch film
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Researchers surveyed microplastic contamination in agricultural soils across three regions in China, comparing greenhouse and open-field cultivation that uses plastic mulch film. They found that microplastic abundance varied significantly by region and that the type of mulching practice accounted for over 34% of the variation in microplastic composition. The study provides important baseline data on how plastic film use in farming contributes to soil microplastic pollution.
Status, characteristics, and ecological risks of microplastics in farmland surface soils cultivated with different crops across mainland China
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Researchers conducted a nationwide survey of microplastics in farmland soils across mainland China, covering over 30 crop types in 109 cities. They found microplastics in all sampled soils, with concentrations varying by crop type, region, and farming practices such as plastic film mulching and irrigation methods. The study provides the most comprehensive picture to date of agricultural microplastic contamination in China and identifies the key farming practices that contribute most to soil pollution.
Exploring the Occurrence Characteristics of Microplastics in Typical Maize Farmland Soils With Long-Term Plastic Film Mulching in Northern China
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A survey of 225 soil samples from maize farmland with long-term plastic film mulching in northern China found widespread microplastic contamination, with abundance, distribution, and polymer composition reflecting the history of film use and agricultural management practices.
From greenhouses to open fields: Multidimensional drivers of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) residues in farmland soils across China.
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Researchers conducted a nationwide field survey across China comparing PFAS contamination in greenhouse, film-mulched, and open farmland soils, revealing that plastic mulching films are a significant driver of PFAS accumulation in agricultural soils and identifying distinct source contributions and transport mechanisms for each farmland type.
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