Environmental and human health risks of indiscriminate disposal of plastic waste and sachet water bags in Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria

The indiscriminate disposal of plastic bottles and sachet water bags has emerged as a significant environmental and human health concern in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. This study aims to assess the environmental impact and potential health risks associated with the improper disposal of these plastic waste products. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data collection through interviews, focus group discussion and questionnaires. Preliminary findings indicate that the indiscriminate disposal of plastic bottles and sachet water bags has led to the accumulation of plastic waste in open spaces, drainage systems, and water bodies. This has resulted in environmental degradation, including clogged drainage systems, increased flood risks, and reduced aesthetic appeal of the city. Moreover, the presence of plastic waste in water bodies has led to the contamination of water sources by microplastics and other pollutants, which pose a potential risk to human health. These pollutants can enter the food chain through ingestion by aquatic organisms, ultimately affecting human health through the consumption of contaminated water and seafood. The study also explores the socio-economic factors contributing to the indiscriminate disposal of plastic waste, such as inadequate waste management infrastructure, lack of awareness, and limited recycling facilities. Additionally, it identifies potential strategies to mitigate the environmental and health risks associated with plastic waste, including public awareness campaigns, improved waste management systems, and the promotion of sustainable alternatives to plastic packaging.