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Comparative analysis of the toxicity of fragmented and fibrous microplastics versus natural particles in the sea squirt Ciona intestinalis type A (Ciona robusta)

SSRN Electronic Journal 2026
Radwa Saad, Toshio Sekiguchi, Yuki Takai, Yukikanri Tsuruda, Shinichi Kuroda, Satomi Mizukami-Murata, Seokhyun Lee, Xuchen Qiu, Yohei Shimasaki, Y. Oshima

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