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Floristic composition and biodiversity patterns in the surroundings of Karanphuli river areas of Bangladesh
Summary
Vegetation surveys along the Karnaphuli riverside in Bangladesh documented floristic composition and biodiversity patterns using multiple diversity indices, providing baseline data on riparian plant communities in a heavily human-modified environment.
Plants are an important part of urban ecosystems because they help maintain the balance of nature and the health of the environment. The goal of the current study was to explore the vegetation in the Karna-phuli riverside using conventional biodiversity matrices, including the distribution of species and several diversity indices, like the Shannon-Winer Index, Pielou’s Evenness Index, and Simpson’s Index. A total of 528 plant species belonging to 376 genera under 115 families are documented for the first time in the studied area, among them 355 were medicinal plant species. Of them, 0.57% are bryophytes, 5.21% are pteridophytes, 0.19% are gymnosperms, and the rest, 95.95%, are angiosperms. Furthermore, Shannon-Winer, Pielou’s Evenness, and Simpson's Diversity Index picturesque the presence of moderate level of diversity among evenly distributed individuals while confronting substantial risk. From the study areas, 6 threatened species have been recorded, which include 1 endangered species (EN), 2 nearly threatened species (NT), and 3 vulnerable species (VU). This study provides intrinsic potential resources to the envi-ronmental planners, herbalists, ecologists, taxonomists, ethnobotanists, pharmacists, phytochemists, and local administration. It would help to plan for future green infrastructure and maintain ecosystem func-tion, providing long-term benefits for the dwellers around the Karnaphuli River.
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