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Recent Issues and Challenges in the Study of Inland Waters
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This paper reviews emerging challenges and methods in inland water monitoring, including use of UAVs for remote sensing, threats to freshwater biodiversity, and detection of contaminants such as microplastics and algal blooms.
This paper addresses several important problems and methods related to studies of inland waters based on the existing scientific literature. The use of UAVs in freshwater monitoring is described, including recent contact and non-contact solutions. Due to a decline in biological diversity in many parts of the globe, the main threats are described together with a modern method for algae and cyanobacteria monitoring utilizing chlorophyll a fluorescence. Observed disturbances in the functioning of river biocenoses related to mine waters’ discharge, causing changes in the physico-chemical parameters of waters and sediments, give rise to the need to develop more accurate methods for the assessment of this phenomenon. Important problems occurring in the context of microplastic detection, including the lack of unification, standardization and repeatability of the methods used, were described. In conclusion, accurate results in the monitoring of water quality parameters of inland waters can be achieved by combining modern methods and using non-contact solutions.
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This review provides a comprehensive overview of microplastic pollution in freshwater environments, covering sources, distribution, and ecological impacts in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Researchers found that freshwater microplastic contamination is widespread globally but that standardized sampling and analysis methods are still lacking. The study calls for more consistent research approaches so that contamination levels across different water bodies can be meaningfully compared.
Microplastics in Surface Waters: A Critical Review of Emerging Challenges and Future Perspectives
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This review examines microplastic contamination across aquatic environments, covering detection technologies, ecological risks from ingestion by wildlife and transfer through food webs, and how microplastics serve as vectors for pesticides, heavy metals, and chemical pollutants.
Aerial Remote Sensing of Aquatic Microplastic Pollution: The State of the Science and How to Move It Forward
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A systematic literature review of aerial remote sensing for aquatic microplastic detection identified three main approaches — spectral characteristics, floating debris imaging, and AI-based analysis — all still largely experimental rather than operational.
Water quality monitoring challenges during the war in Ukraine: new contaminants and approaches to their detection
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This paper examines how war in Ukraine disrupts water quality monitoring, including tracking of pollutants like microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and explosives residue. It proposes combining lab testing, field sensors, drones, and satellite data to keep monitoring working despite damaged infrastructure and unsafe conditions, and suggests digital tools for tracking pollution and planning recovery.
Microplastic pollution in China's inland water systems: A review of findings, methods, characteristics, effects, and management
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This review synthesized findings on microplastic pollution across China's inland water systems — rivers, lakes, and reservoirs — documenting widespread contamination and identifying gaps in monitoring methods and research coverage.
Research digests by email
When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.