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His dark materials: Quantifying the problem of dust (particulate matter) in the agricultural landscape of California
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Researchers measured particulate matter, including microplastic fragments, deposited on vegetation across agricultural landscapes in California. They found that dust levels varied significantly depending on crop type, proximity to roads, and seasonal conditions. The study highlights that agricultural areas may be an underappreciated source of particulate contamination, with implications for both crop health and food safety.
The composition and amounts of particulate matter (PM) vary greatly in the atmosphere and particulates can have major adverse impacts on human health. Since PM10 deposition to foliage can improve air quality, there have been a number of studies of PM10 amounts on the surface of urban vegetation. Much less is known about PM in agricultural areas, although PM10 can be harmful to vegetation and, for food crops, have the potential to be ingested. Here we have quantified PM across the agricultural landscape of California, measuring the amounts present on the foliage of 18 crops at 21 locations. The amounts of particulates present varied (0.17 to 6.9 gm-2) and PM loads on leaves in the south and east of the area were higher than those in the northern and westerly locations. Our findings suggest that the amounts of particulates on the surface of agricultural crops can be high; exceeding the usual range of values for urban areas. Our data indicate that agricultural crops grown in regions like California and the Mediterranean where summer rainfall is largely absent and drip rather than spray irrigation is used are more vulnerable to PM accumulation and to any adverse effects resulting from these deposits. Microscopic analysis of PM10 on foliage showed that in these agricultural areas wind-blown soil particles make up 74.2% of the PM10 present; this is thus a very significant source. A small number of microplastic particles (2.2%) were also identified on foliage. We suggest that PM and microplastics could impact food and forage quality and that more work is needed to examine PM deposition to crops and their range of impacts.
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Microplastic appraisal of soil, water, ditch sediment and airborne dust: The case of agricultural systems
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Researchers surveyed microplastic contamination across agricultural soils, water, airborne dust, and ditch sediments in farm settings with different management practices. They found 11 types of microplastics in soil, with the highest concentrations in fields using plastic mulch, and documented the spread of particles into nearby water bodies and air. The study reveals that both plastic mulch and compost application contribute to microplastic pollution in agricultural landscapes.
Significant influence of land use types and anthropogenic activities on the distribution of microplastics in soil: A case from a typical mining-agricultural city
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Scientists surveyed microplastic pollution across five types of land in a Chinese mining-agricultural city and found the highest levels in greenhouse farmland, with nearly 3,738 particles per kilogram of soil. Agricultural plastic waste, irrigation water, and fertilizers were identified as the main sources of contamination. The study shows that farming practices are major contributors to microplastic buildup in the soil that produces our food.
The characteristics and influencing factors of farmland soil microplastic in Hetao Irrigation District, China
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Researchers surveyed microplastic contamination in farmland soil across a major grain-producing region in China, finding concentrations ranging from about 1,800 to over 86,000 particles per kilogram. Polyethylene film fragments from agricultural plastic mulch were the dominant type, and 90% of the particles were smaller than 180 micrometers. The study shows that farming practices are introducing large amounts of microplastics into the soil where food crops are grown, raising questions about potential transfer into the food supply.
Influence of soil characteristics and agricultural practices on microplastic concentrations in sandy soils and their association with heavy metal contamination
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Researchers studied microplastic contamination in agricultural soils that use plastic mulch in arid regions and found significantly higher concentrations in mulched fields compared to control sites. They identified eight different polymer types and found that microplastic levels increased with the duration of mulching use, with heavy metals like iron and nickel accumulating on the plastic particles. The study highlights how agricultural plastic use contributes to long-term soil contamination and the potential for microplastics to serve as carriers of metal pollutants in farmland.
Microplastic background levels in German soils: The influence of site-specific characteristics and land-use practices
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Scientists found tiny plastic particles in farm soils across Germany, with higher levels in grasslands than crop fields. While the amounts detected were generally low, this research shows that microplastics are spreading everywhere in our environment, including the soils where our food is grown. This matters because these plastic particles could potentially enter our food chain, though more research is needed to understand the full health effects.
Research digests by email
When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.