Micropollutants and Endocrine Disruptors

"This book chapter addresses the sources of micropollutants, specifically in the context of microplastics, heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, and hormones, along with their environmental transport, and impacts on both the environment and human health, as well as treatment alternatives. Micropollutants pose a complex problem in environmental systems, involving microscopic particles and chemicals. Microplastics, in particular, can lead to widespread effects in water systems and soil. Heavy metals, categorized as micropollutants in some reference lists, are often toxic substances originating from industrial activities. Endocrine disruptors and hormones, when present in water systems, can significantly harm biodiversity. The utilization of advanced treatment technologies, with membrane processes standing out as prominent alternatives, enables the removal of micropollutants from water and wastewater environments. This approach not only protects environmental health but also ensures the sustainability of resources, mitigating threats to public health. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, experts, and decision-makers."