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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Environmental Sources Food & Water Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Nanoplastics Reproductive & Development Sign in to save

Microplastics and Nanoplastics and Related Chemicals

2024 2 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Elsa Cherian, Lakshmi Mohan, Sony Elizebeth Manoj

Summary

This review provides a broad overview of microplastics and nanoplastics as environmental contaminants, covering their sources, distribution across water, soil, and air, and their potential toxic effects on organisms. Researchers summarized evidence showing that these particles can accumulate in food chains and interact with other chemical pollutants, potentially amplifying health risks. The study emphasizes the need for standardized detection methods and comprehensive risk assessments across different environmental compartments.

Microplastics and nanoplastics are small plastic particles less than 5 mm in size. They can be found in the environment, including bodies of water, soil, and air. These particles are produced from the breakdown of larger plastic items or are intentionally manufactured on a small scale for industrial purposes, such as in cosmetics, cleaning products, and clothing. The accumulation of microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment can have toxic effects on organisms including fish, birds, and other wildlife. These particles can enter the food chain and potentially harm humans consuming contaminated seafood and other products. Furthermore, these particles have been found to leach harmful chemicals, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, which are endocrine disruptors that can negatively impact human health, including reproductive and developmental problems, cancer, and other chronic diseases. In conclusion, the toxic effects of micro- and nanoplastics on the environment, food, and human health are a growing concern and require more attention and action from governments, industries, and individuals. Reducing plastic waste and promoting the use of more sustainable alternatives can help mitigate this issue and protect our planet and health.

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