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Abundance of Microplastics in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystem and it’s Impact on Biotic and Abiotic Components
Summary
This review synthesizes current knowledge on microplastic abundance across marine and freshwater environments, covering detection methods, distribution patterns, and impacts on organisms — underscoring that microplastics act not only as physical hazards but also as vectors for transporting additional chemical pollutants through ecosystems.
The article focuses on the abundance of microplastics (MPs) in various environmental matrices, such as sediment and water, and their potential impacts. MPs can be considered as plastic particles that are less than 5 mm in dimension. The article presents an overview of the methods used for detecting and quantifying MPs in environmental samples, including spectroscopic techniques, microscopy, and chemical digestion. It also summarizes the current understanding of the distribution and abundance of MPs in various environmental compartments highlighting their importance in different environmental compartments. This article further discusses the potential impacts of MPs on different biota, such as marine organisms and terrestrial animals, and their ability to act as carriers for pollutants and other harmful substances. The review emphasizes the need for further research to better understand the impacts of MPs and to develop effective management strategies to mitigate their environmental effects.